Cellular proliferation is under genetic control and
development of cancer is related to a combination of
environmental mutagens, somatic mutation and inherited
predisposition. Molecular studies have shown that several
mutational events, that enhance cell proliferation and increase
genome instability, are required for the development of
malignancy. In familial cancers one of these mutations is
inherited and represents a constitutional change in all cells,
increasing the likelihood of further somatic mutations
occurring in the cells that lead to tumour formation.
Chromosomal translocations have been recognised for many
years as being markers for, or the cause of, certain neoplasms,
and various oncogenes have been implicated.
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